第47 至49 題
To support refugees and people facing crises around the world, the International Olympic Committee created the Refugee Olympic Team. Refugee athletes have been invited to compete in the Olympic Games since 2016. Here are two refugee athletes and their stories.
Yusra Mardini
Yusra Mardini is a swimmer who grew up in the war-torn country of Syria. Due to the unstable political situation there, Yusra sometimes had to train in pools under roofs that had been blown open by bombings.
In 2015 when she was just a 17-year-old, her house was destroyed in the civil war, so she decided to flee her home country. She managed to reach Turkey through Lebanon. From Turkey, she boarded a small boat that held 20 people and set sail into the deep waters of the Aegean Sea. But 30 minutes later, the engine stopped and the boat began to sink. Yusra dove into the cold water, and—with the help of her sister and two men—swam and pushed the boat for over three hours to reach the Greek island of Lesbos. They saved everyone aboard.
Yusra eventually settled in Germany and has since worked to inspire others to pursue their dreams. Her incredible story and superior swimming skills won her the opportunity to participate in the Olympic Games. She was a member of the Refugee Olympic Team for both the 2016 Rio Games and 2021 Tokyo Games.
Popole Misenga
Popole Misenga was born in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. When he was nine, the country's civil war claimed the life of his mother and left him homeless. Escaping from the war zone, he wandered alone for a week in a rainforest before being rescued and taken to a center for displaced children in the capital, Kinshasa.
There, Popole discovered judo, from which he gained strength in body and mind. “Judo helped me by giving me serenity, discipline, commitment— everything,” he said. He trained hard and became a professional judoka. However, each time he lost a competition, his coaches would lock him in a cage for days, feeding him only coffee and bread. Finally, when he was cruelly abused for not winning medals at the 2013 World Championships in Brazil, he decided to seek protection.
Popole was granted asylum in 2014 by Brazilian government and later continued judo training at a youth facility. He made his Olympic debut at Rio 2016. He also represented the Refugee Olympic Team in 2021 Tokyo Games.
47. 請根據選文內容，從兩則故事中各選出一個單詞（word），分別填入下列兩句的空格，並視語法需要作適當的字形變化，使句子語意完整、語法正確，且符合全文文意。（填空，4 分）
With her amazing courage and swimming skills, Yusra Mardini was not only able to save lives but also fulfill her dream of (A) in the Olympic Games.
Judo helped Popole Misenga to be strong both physically and mentally, and gave him the courage to escape from the (B) of his coaches.
48. Which word in Popole Misenga's story means “protection given by a country or embassy to refugees from another country”?（簡答，2 分）
49. 請從下列 (A) 到 (F) 中，選出對 Yusra Mardini 和 Popole Misenga 都正確的選項。（多選題，4 分）
(A) Being an Olympic medalist.
(B) Growing up in an orphanage.
(C) Joining the Olympic Games more than once.
(D) Leaving his/her hometown because of war.
(E) Showing talent in sports after going to a foreign country.
(F) Traveling through several countries before securing protection.
- (A) participating (B) abuse 48. asylum 49. C, D
第一段第一句
To support refugees and people facing crises around the world, the International Olympic Committee created the Refugee Olympic Team.
為支持世界各地的難民與面臨危機的人們，國際奧林匹克委員會成立了奧林匹克運動會難民代表團。
💡主旨：奧林匹克委員會支持難民參加奧運
🔍找主詞和動詞
主詞： the International Olympic Committee
動詞： created
🚫排除干擾：為什麼他們不是動詞？
to support：不定詞，不能當動詞
facing：V-ing，不能當動詞
🧩長句解析：拆解與組裝
🪛拆解 本句可拆成三句
第一句（目的）The International Olympic Committee wanted to support refugees and people around the world.
第二句（這些人的遭遇）The refugees and people were facing crises.
第三句（核心句）The International Olympic Committee created the Refugee Olympic Team.
🧵組裝
Step 1. 將第二句改為 第一句的 refugees and people 之關係子句：將第二句的 the refugees and people 改成 who後，嫁接到第一句的 people 之後
The International Olympic Committee wanted to support refugees and people who The refugees and people were facing crises around the world.
Step 2. 關係子句的省略： 關係子句的 who 和 be-V 可省略
The International Olympic Committee wanted to support refugees and people who The refugees and people were facing crises around the world.
Step 3. 將 Step 2 的結果（目的句）改成 in order to 不定詞片語，置於核心句前，以逗號隔開：The International Olympic Committee wanted In order to support refugees and people who The refugees and people were facing crises around the world, the International Olympic Committee created the Refugee Olympic Team.
第一句第二句
Refugee athletes have been invited to compete in the Olympic Games since 2016.
自2016 年以來，難民運動員就被邀請參加奧運會比賽。
💡主旨：自2016年起，奧運就邀請難民參賽
🔍找主詞和動詞
主詞： athletes
動詞： have been invited （完成被動語態 have been + p.p.）
🚫排除干擾：為什麼 to compete 不是動詞？
to compete：不定詞，不能當句子的動詞。
🚧完成被動語態的形成
完成式的要素是 have/has + p.p.
被動語態的要素是 be-V + p.p.
🤔綜合考量兩者，被動語態裡的 be-V 必須顯現在 完成式裡的 p.p.，即 been，
之後再加被動語態的 p.p.，成為 have/has been + p.p.，如文章內容。
🛎️since 的標準用法 1. 當連接詞 用於 完成式 + since + 過去式（或過去的時間點）
2. 也可當副詞，放置位子： have/has/had + since + p.p.
🛋️ I have since left that company (我自那之後就離開那家公司了)
3.常以 ever 修飾，作為副詞置於句尾，或仍當連接詞
🛋️ They met in high school and have been inseparable ever since.
🛋️ He has loved trains ever since he was a boy.
第一段第三句
Here are two refugee athletes and their stories.
這裡是兩名難民運動員的故事。
💡主旨：本篇介紹兩名難民運動員
🔍找主詞和動詞
主詞： athletes
動詞： are
🧮文法規則：以 here 或 there 或地方副詞（如 up, down, away 等） 開頭的句子，
1. 如果主詞是名詞，則動詞則要先於主詞，稱為倒裝句。
2. 如果主詞是代名詞，則不倒裝。例如
原句：The bus comes here. （主詞是名詞） 倒裝：Here comes the bus.
原句：The children ran away. （主詞是名詞） 倒裝：Away ran the children.
原句：You are here. （主詞是代名詞） 不倒裝：Here you are.
原句：He went there. （主詞是代名詞） 不倒裝：There he went.
