
憑藉你們天性就同情罪惡,你們將會嗅出所有的地方,無論教堂、臥房、田野或是森林,都曾發生過罪行,整個大地不過是一塊罪惡的污點,一塊巨大的血跡。
By the sympathy of your heart for sin, ya all ascent out all places--whether in church, bed-chamber, street, field, or forest--where crime has been committed, and shall exult to behold the whole earth one stain of guilt, one mighty blood spot.
"Young Goodman Brown" by N. Hawthorne
美國某處的一個不知名的小村莊,旁邊有一座濃密的森林,村裡面想要做壞事、想要跟魔鬼交易的人,都會偷偷跑進這座森林裡面參加魔鬼主持的儀式,村子裡面年輕的古德曼布朗〔Young Goodman Brown,也有人說他叫做好人布朗〕想要知道這個鄰里裡面,有誰在偷偷崇拜魔鬼,就和一個熟悉森林的朋友約好,一起去裡面一探究竟,他告別了美麗且虔誠的妻子費絲〔Faith,意指布朗的信心或信仰〕,然後心懷愧疚地走進森林赴約,這朋友對這地方熟門熟路,其實也應該就是那個魔鬼儀式的主持者,他帶著年輕的古德曼布朗在森林裡見到了從小教他教義問答、教他一定要循規蹈矩的鄰家阿婆,見到了受人敬重的教堂執事,還見到德高望重的村長,在儀式開始的時候,他幾乎是看到村子裡面的每一個人,他的朋友在台上說出,罪惡隨時隨地不斷發生,把這個世界化為一道巨大的血跡,這時,他也看到他那美麗且虔誠的妻子。
在這整個故事剛開始的時候,好人古德曼布朗的妻子溫言勸阻他走這一趟旅程,這個美麗的女人,出現在家門旁邊深情看著自己的丈夫:「從門邊探出她漂亮的腦袋來,任由微風輕拂她帽上飄動的粉紅色緞帶,她輕聲呼喚古德曼布朗。」〔thrust her pretty head into the street, letting the wind play with the pink ribbons of her cap, while she called to goodman Brown.〕
費絲的這條粉紅色緞帶,出現在布朗所目擊的惡魔儀式,是一個極具戲劇張力的時刻:
悲傷,憤怒與恐懼交加的吶喊聲劃破夜空。不幸的丈夫屏息等待回答。忽然,聽到一聲尖叫,但是,立即又被嘈雜的聲浪所淹沒,化為漸漸遠去的喧嘩笑語。隨著黑雲散去,布朗頭頂上露出明淨安寧的天空。然而,一個東西從天空中輕輕飄落,掛在一根樹枝上。古德曼.布朗一把抓住它,原來是條粉紅色緞帶。
The cry of grief, rage, and terror was yet piercing the night, when the unhappy husband held his breath for a response. There was a scream, drowned immediately in a louder murmur of voices, fading into far-off laughter, as the dark cloud swept away, leaving the clear and silent sky about goodman Brown. But something fluttered lightly down through the air, and caught on a branch of a tree. The young man seized it, and beheld a pink ribbon.
看到自己平常生活圈裡面那些道貌岸然的人物出現在陰暗的恥辱之中,衝擊力雖大,也比不上看到家人也深陷於這團陰影的那個時刻。眾聲喧嘩,合奏罪惡之曲,布朗先生覺得整個世界由疏至親所有人都不是他想的那個樣子,所有他覺得自己本來可以溝通的靈魂,都背叛了自己。他在震耳欲聾的吟唱之中感到孤獨:
另一首戰美詩歌響起,旋律緩慢沈痛,好似在歌頌虔誠的愛,歌詞卻表達了超乎常情之外,人類所能想像的一切罪孽,並含糊地暗示了更多的罪惡。凡人對魔鬼的奧秘真是無法理解,讚美詩一首接著一首,在這個曲調中,荒野的合聲宛如一台巨大的風琴,奏出最深沉的曲調,越來越響亮。隨著這恐怖的歌曲鳴唱出最後一段尾聲時,傳來了一個聲音:彷彿咆哮的狂風,奔騰的溪流,嚎叫的野獸,以及荒野中各自鳴唱的一切聲響,全部都交融於罪惡的人類之聲,向萬物之主致敬。
Another verse of the hymn arose, a slow and solemn strain, such as the pious love, but joined to words which expressed all that our nature can conceive of sin, and darkly hinted at far more. Unfathomable to the mere mortals is the lord of fiends. Verse after verse was sung, and still the chorus of the desert swell between, like the deepest tone of mighty organ. And, with the final peal of that dreadful anthem, there came a sound, as if the roaring wind, the rushing streams, and the howling beasts, and every other voice of guilty man, in homage to the prince of all.
不過實際的狀況,是布朗先生在這座森林裡面並不孤寂。在這趟他執意自證舉世皆濁的心路歷程裡,他在森林裡面對邪惡行為的厲聲斥責,他悲嘆「我的費絲〔信心〕已去」〔My Faith is gone〕的哭喊,其實有都是這邪惡之曲的一部份。在他決意踏入森林去評斷是非的時候,他的凝視裡面深藏著的那份黑暗就化為森林裡面無所不在的陰影。
我很喜歡霍桑在這個短篇故事裡面給布朗先生開始他旅程的一段描述,在布朗先生遇到那位深不可測的森林魔鬼之前,他自己走入森林的時候,發現陰影在眼前開啟,在自己的身後閉合起來,他覺得自己似乎踽踽獨行,卻又覺得走在人群之中:
他踏上了一條清悽小路,影像荒涼漆黑,陰森森的樹木遮蔽夜幕與大地,枝葉濃密,勉強容許狹窄小徑蜿蜒而過,人才剛剛通過小徑,枝葉又將小路封閉起來,滿目荒涼。此外,在這陰鬱淒涼之中,還有件奇怪的事,旅人常常弄不清楚,在無數的樹幹與粗壯的樹枝後面,隱匿著什麼。所以,那腳步雖然孤孤零零,也許卻有一大群看不見的人正穿過樹林。
He had taken a dreary road, darkened by all the gloomiest trees of the forest, which barely stood aside to let the narrow path creep through, and closed immediately behind. It was all as lonely as could be; and there is this peculiarity in such a solitude, that the traveler knows not who may be concealed by the innumerable trunks and the thick boughs overhead; so that, with lonely footsteps, he may yet be passing through an unseen multitude.
若說要看清世事本身就是一趟很容易迷路的旅程,霍桑在寫下這個故事的時候,想著的是他的清教徒先祖父處死薩冷村女巫冤案(Salem Witch Trials)的受害者,他寫下這段描述,要處理的不只是布朗先生的迷惑,也是在想著自己訴說並且評斷他人故事的處境,說故事的人的凝視裡也帶著黑暗,這份無明與眾人的行為融合再一起,成為一片樹林,無時無刻不在環繞著自己的腳步,猝不及防一條粉紅色絲帶從夜空緩緩飄落,旅人驚見自己在這條路上竟是如此與世沈浮,也如此孤寂。





















