confidence及perfidy這兩個字雖然看起來天差地遠,但其實是來自同一個拉丁語根 -fid-(意為 faith 或 trust,即「信任」或「信仰」)。簡單來說,它們是「信任」這枚硬幣的正反兩面:confidence是信任的建立,perfidy則是信任的背叛。
字首字根解析
👉 兩者同源於 fid,但字首方向完全相反:
☘️ con- → 正向的「共同信任」
☘️ per- → 負向的「破壞信任」

圖片創作:Jennifer設計,AI生成
confidence
☘️ 字根:fid(來自拉丁文 fides,意為「信任、信心」)
☘️ 字首:con-(意為「一起、共同」)
↪️ 合起來:confidence = 與他人共享信任 → 信心、信任。
perfidy
☘️ 字根:同樣是 fid(信任)。
☘️ 字首:per-(在此有「背離、破壞」之意)。
↪️ 合起來:perfidy = 背離信任 → 背叛、不忠。
confidence不同語境與例句
① 個人能力/心理狀態
She spoke with confidence during the presentation.
(她在簡報時表現得非常自信地。)
Years of practice gave her the confidence to perform on any stage without fear.
(多年的練習讓她擁有在任何舞台上從容表演的自信。)
➡️ 重點:內在的穩定與確信
② 人際信任
I have complete confidence in his judgment.
(我完全信任他的判斷。)
The prime minister won the vote of confidence by a narrow margin, securing her position for now.
(首相以些微差距贏得信任投票,暫時穩住她的地位。)
➡️ 重點:把信任交付給他人
③ 專業/法律語境(保密)
The lawyer treated the information in confidence.
(律師對該資訊予以保密處理。)
She spoke to her therapist in confidence, trusting that her words would never leave the room.
(她以保密為前提向治療師傾訴,相信自己說的話絕不會外洩。)
➡️ in confidence = 在信任前提下(不可外洩)

圖片創作:Jennifer設計,AI生成
perfidy不同語境與例句
① 人際背叛
He was condemned for his perfidy toward his closest allies.
(他因背叛最親密的盟友而遭到譴責。)
His perfidy was complete and cruel— he had shared every secret she confided in him with her rivals.
(他的背信徹底而殘忍——她向他吐露的每個秘密,他都轉手告訴了她的對手。)
➡️ 重點:原本有信任,卻故意背叛
② 政治/歷史語境
The treaty was remembered as an act of perfidy.
(這項條約被視為一種背信行為。)
The ambassador denounced the treaty violation as an act of perfidy that undermined decades of diplomacy.
(大使譴責這次違約是背信棄義之舉,摧毀了數十年來的外交成果。)
➡️ perfidy 常見於「國與國」、「盟約破裂」
③ 文學/道德批判
Her perfidy shattered every bond of trust.
(她的背信行為粉碎所有信任關係。)
Shakespeare's Othello is ultimately a tragedy of perfidy — Iago's calculated betrayal destroys everything built on trust.
(莎士比亞的《奧賽羅》本質上是一齣背信的悲劇——伊阿古蓄意謀算的出賣,毀滅一切建立在信任之上的事物。)
➡️ 語氣強烈,幾乎帶有道德審判意味
總結
confidence:正向,表示「信心、信任」
perfidy:負向,表示「背叛、不忠」
兩者同源於 fid(信任),但字首 con- 與 per- 使意義完全相反。這對字就像「信任的兩面」:一面是建立信任(confidence),另一面是摧毀信任(perfidy)。


















